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Ioannis Kapodistrias

Ioannis Kapodistrias

Statesman

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Quick Facts

First head of state of independent Greece
Key figure in the Greek War of Independence
Establishment of modern Greek state

First leader of free Greece. Diplomat who gave his nation independence — and his life.

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Life Journey

1776Born in Corfu, Republic of Venice

Ioannis Kapodistrias was born to a prominent Corfiot family in the Republic of Venice, which controlled the Ionian Islands.

1797Venetian Republic falls to Napoleon

The Republic of Venice, including Corfu, falls to Napoleon Bonaparte, leading to significant political changes in the region.

1803Begins diplomatic career in Paris

Kapodistrias moves to Paris to serve as a diplomat, representing the interests of the Ionian Islands and beginning his career in international relations.

1809Appointed Minister of State in Russia

Kapodistrias is appointed as Minister of State in the Russian Empire, a position that significantly influences his future role in Greek independence.

1814Influences Congress of Vienna

Kapodistrias plays a key role in the Congress of Vienna, advocating for the rights of smaller states and the principles of national self-determination.

1818Becomes a Freemason

Kapodistrias joins the Freemasons, a move that connects him with influential figures and networks across Europe.

1821Greek War of Independence begins

The Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire begins, a conflict in which Kapodistrias will play a crucial role.

1822Elected President of the Greek Provisional Government

Kapodistrias is elected as the President of the Greek Provisional Government, becoming the first head of state of independent Greece.

1823Returns to Greece to lead the government

Kapodistrias returns to Greece to take up his role as the leader of the provisional government, facing numerous challenges and conflicts.

1824Establishes the first Greek constitution

Kapodistrias helps establish the first Greek constitution, laying the foundations for a modern Greek state and government.

1825Founds the National Bank of Greece

Kapodistrias establishes the National Bank of Greece to stabilize the economy and improve financial conditions in the new state.

1826Promotes education and public health

Kapodistrias implements reforms to promote education and public health, including the establishment of schools and hospitals.

1827Battle of Navarino

The Battle of Navarino, a decisive naval battle in the Greek War of Independence, occurs, leading to the withdrawal of Ottoman forces from Greece.

1828Becomes Governor of Greece

Kapodistrias is formally appointed as the Governor of Greece, consolidating his position as the leader of the new state.

1831Assassinated in Nafplio

Ioannis Kapodistrias is assassinated by political opponents in Nafplio, marking the end of his efforts to establish a stable and independent Greece.

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