King Umberto I

Umberto I was born to King Victor Emmanuel II and Archduchess Adelaide of Austria in Turin, the capital of the Kingdom of Sardinia.

Umberto begins his formal military education, reflecting his future role as a military leader and king.

Umberto witnesses the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, with his father, Victor Emmanuel II, as the first king.

Umberto serves with distinction in the Third Italian War of Independence against Austria, further solidifying his military reputation.

Umberto marries his cousin, Princess Margherita of Savoy, strengthening the royal family's dynastic ties.

Umberto is granted the title of Duke of Sardegna, a significant step in his preparation for the throne.

Following the death of his father, Victor Emmanuel II, Umberto I ascends to the throne of Italy, becoming the second King of Italy.

Umberto I signs the Triple Alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary, a significant diplomatic achievement for Italy.

Umberto I actively supports Italian colonial expansion, particularly in East Africa, including the annexation of Eritrea and Somalia.

Umberto and Margherita celebrate their 25th wedding anniversary, a personal milestone in their long and stable marriage.

Umberto I advises his government during the disastrous Battle of Adwa, where Italian forces are defeated by Ethiopian forces.

Umberto I survives an assassination attempt by an anarchist, which increases his popularity among the Italian people.

Umberto I supports social reforms, including labor laws and improvements in public health, to address growing social tensions.

Umberto I is assassinated by the anarchist Gaetano Bresci in Monza, ending his 22-year reign as King of Italy.